{"id":1537,"date":"2020-10-10T16:02:34","date_gmt":"2020-10-10T08:02:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/?p=1537"},"modified":"2020-12-01T12:44:08","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T04:44:08","slug":"%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%95%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%afrest%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/project\/2020\/10\/10\/1602341537.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5230\u5e95\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fREST\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

1\u3001\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u56f0\u60d1\u6211\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cREST<\/code>\u3001RESTful<\/code>\u3001RESTful API<\/code>\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n REST\u5373\u8868\u8ff0\u6027\u72b6\u6001\u4f20\u9012<\/code>\uff08\u82f1\u6587\uff1aRepresentational State Transfer\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0REST\uff09\u662fRoy Fielding\u535a\u58eb\u57282000\u5e74\u4ed6\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9488\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/code>\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u5f0f<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53cd\u6b63\u8bf4\u4e86\u4e5f\u7b49\u4e8e\u6ca1\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u201d<\/code>\u3001\u201c\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d<\/code>\uff0c\u597d\u4e86\u6682\u4e14\u653e\u4e00\u653e\uff0c\u6362\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u8c01\u800c\u8a00\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u518d\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n \u5728\u4e09\u79cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6848<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aREST\u6a21\u5f0f<\/code>\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u590d\u6742\u7684SOAP<\/code>\u548cXML-RPC<\/code>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6765\u8bb2\u660e\u663e\u7684\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684web\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u91c7\u7528REST\u98ce\u683c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cAmazon.com\u63d0\u4f9b\u63a5\u8fd1REST\u98ce\u683c\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u4e66\u67e5\u627e\uff1b\u96c5\u864e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u4e5f\u662fREST\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u3002\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cREST\u6a21\u5f0f<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u79cdWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662fSOAP<\/code>\u4e0eXML-RPC<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1\u3001XML-RPC<\/h3>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fRPC\uff1f<\/strong>\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a51<\/a>\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a52<\/a><\/p>\n

\n \u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u673a\u5668\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u4e92\u76f8\u901a\u4fe1\uff1f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e TCP\/IP \u901a\u8fc7 Socket \u7f16\u7a0b\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u548c\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u3002\u4f46\u662f Socket \u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u5927\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u53c8\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u673a\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u8981\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u65b0\u624b\u80fd\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8981\u7cbe\u901a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u5085\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5728 1984 \u5e74\uff0cBruce Jay Nelson \u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\u8bba\u6587 Implementing Remote Procedure Call\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u901a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002RPC (Remote Procedure Call) \u5373\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5b83\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730\u63a5\u53e3\u4e00\u6837\u8c03\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u50cf\u672c\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6837\u5462\uff1fRPC \u6a21\u5f0f\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u5c42\uff0cRPCRuntime<\/code>\u8d1f\u8d23\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\uff0cStub<\/code>\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ea6\u5b9a\u597d\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u89e3\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c03\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u90fd\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e24\u5c42\u641e\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/code>\u8fd9\u5c42\u5c31\u53ea\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730 Stub \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684Socket\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cRPC\u7684\u521d\u5fc3\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u5957\u8fdc\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae<\/code>\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/code>\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93<\/code>\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e0c\u671b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u4ee5\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u201c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6539\u5199\u6210RPC\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cc\u52a0\u5165\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb\u4f5cstub\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684RPC\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff1a
\n* \u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\uff1b
\n* \u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e0e\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff1b
\n* \u81ea\u52a8\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u6216\u8005\u52a8\u6001\u4ee3\u7406\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\uff1aRPC\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u53eb\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u50cf\u672c\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6837\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002XML-RPC\u662fRPC\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5XML\u505a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u8f7d\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8esocket\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

2.2\u3001SOAP<\/h3>\n

\n \u7b80\u5355\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u534f\u8bae(Simple Object Access Protocol)\uff0cSOAP \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e XML \u7684\u7b80\u6613\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728 HTTP \u4e4b\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff1aSOAP \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3chttp\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8ehttp\u7684\uff0c\u5728http\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u518d\u5c01\u88c5SOAP\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u4ee5\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0cSOAP\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4ee5XML\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u8f7d\u4f53\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4RPC\uff0cSOAP\u662f\u57fa\u4e8ehttp\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

3\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5<\/a><\/p>\n

\u629b\u5f00R. T. Fielding\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u91cc\u6666\u6da9\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0cREST\u5e94\u8be5\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a
\n* \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b
\n* \u8fde\u63a5\u534f\u8bae\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u6027\uff1b
\n* \u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528Cache\u673a\u5236\u589e\u8fdb\u6027\u80fd\uff1b
\n* \u5c42\u6b21\u5316\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b
\n* \u6309\u9700\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\n \u5927\u591a\u6570SOAP\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728HTTP\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528URI\u6807\u8bc6\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u4e00\u4e2aURI\uff09\uff0cSOAP\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684URI\u6807\u8bc6\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5728\u7ebf\u67e5\u8be2\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2alistBooks\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2agetBook\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2acreateBook\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u52a0\u5165\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2adeleteBook\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u5220\u9664\u4f5c\u5e9f\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u6807\u8bc6\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u88ab\u8bdf\u75c5\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5728\u4e8edeleteBook\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u8981\u7528POST\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5b9eHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u6709\u66f4\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7684DELETE\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u7528\u3002REST\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0cREST\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u662f\u56fe\u4e66\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684URI\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u800c\u7528HTTP\u76844\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u8868\u793a\u83b7\u53d6\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u56fe\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\u56fe\u4e66\u96c6\u5408\u4e5f\u662f\u548c\u5355\u672c\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\/books\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u56fe\u4e66\u5217\u8868\uff0c\/books\/ID\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u6807\u8bc6\u4e3aID\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\/books\u7684GET\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd4\u56de\u6574\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e66\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5bf9\/books\/ID\u7684DELETE\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

4\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • REST\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u534f\u8bae\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • REST\u57fa\u4e8ehttp\u9ad8\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u5728http\u4e2d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u90fd\u590d\u7528http\u73b0\u6709\u7684\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • REST\u4ee5\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u52a8\u4f5c\u80fd\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • REST\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u72b6\u6001\u5747\u7531\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u81ea\u884c\u7ef4\u62a4\uff1b<\/li>\n
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