{"id":1814,"date":"2019-01-11T10:49:04","date_gmt":"2019-01-11T02:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/?p=1814"},"modified":"2020-12-02T13:04:26","modified_gmt":"2020-12-02T05:04:26","slug":"linux%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b-%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/cpp\/2019\/01\/11\/1049041814.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7f16\u7a0b&#8211;\u7ebf\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>LWP\uff1alight weight process\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecd\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b(Linux\u4e0b)<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72ec\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u62e5\u6709PCB\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684PCB\uff0c\u4f46\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5355\u4f4d<\/li>\n<li>cpu\u6839\u636e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5212\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6e\u7247\uff0c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u4e89\u53d6\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684cpu\u8d44\u6e90<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528clone\u51fd\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09\u7ea7\u6620\u5c04\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\uff09\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u2014>\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u2014>\u9875\u8868\u2014>\u7269\u7406\u9875\u9762(\u5185\u5b58\u5355\u5143)\u2014>mmu\u2014>\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684PCB\uff0c\u4f46\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/EDBF504B-6D9D-402F-9223-A57BAC11AB57.png\" style=\"zoom:30%\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548c\u6808\u7684\u96c6\u5408\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u4fdd\u5b58\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u503c&#91;esp\u57fa\u5740\u6307\u9488&#93;&#91;ebp\u6808\u9876\u6307\u9488&#93;\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u63d0\u4f9b\u73b0\u573a\u4fdd\u62a4\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u6808\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u6808\u5e27\u7ec4\u6210<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868<\/li>\n<li>\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f(\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77)<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237id\u4e0e\u7ec4id<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4(\u9664\u6808\u4ee5\u5916)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u975e\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0bid<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u5668\u73b0\u573a\u548c\u6808\u6307\u9488\uff08\u5185\u6838\u6808\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u6808\uff09<\/li>\n<li>errno\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f18\u3001\u7f3a\u70b9\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u53d1\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u5f00\u9500\u5c0f<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u65b9\u4fbf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u56f0\u96be\u3001gdb\u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4fe1\u53f7\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u597d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f18\u70b9\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e0d\u662f\u786c\u4f24<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cmd line-numbers\">parallels@ubuntu:~$ ps -Lf 7775\nUID        PID  PPID   LWP  C NLWP STIME TTY      STAT   TIME CMD\nparalle+  7775     1  7775 16   59 09:55 tty2     Sl+    0:04 \/usr\/lib\/firefox\/firefox -new-window\nparalle+  7775     1  7792  0   59 09:55 tty2     Sl+    0:00 \/usr\/lib\/firefox\/firefox -new-window\nparalle+  7775     1  7793  0   59 09:55 tty2     Sl+    0:00 \/usr\/lib\/firefox\/firefox -new-window\nparalle+  7775     1  7796  0   59 09:55 tty2     Sl+    0:00 \/usr\/lib\/firefox\/firefox -new-window\nparalle+  7775     1  7798  0   59 09:55 tty2     Sl+    0:00 \/usr\/lib\/firefox\/firefox -new-window\nparalle+  7775     1  7799  0   59 09:55 tty2     Sl+    0:00 \/usr\/lib\/firefox\/firefox -new-window\nparalle+  7775     1  7800  0   59 09:55 tty2     Sl+    0:00 \/usr\/lib\/firefox\/firefox -new-window\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u539f\u8bed<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>man page\u5b89\u88c5\n<ul>\n<li>\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1aman -k pthread<\/li>\n<li>sudo apt-get undate<\/li>\n<li>sudo apt-get install manpages-posix manpages-posix-dev<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>pthread_self\u51fd\u6570\n<ul>\n<li>\u83b7\u53d6\u7ebf\u7a0bid\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684getpid\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<li>pthread_t pthread_self(void)<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1aThis function always succeeds, returning the calling thread&#8217;s ID.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>pthread_create\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684fork\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<li>int pthread_create(pthread_t <em>thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr, void *(<\/em>start_routine) (void *), void *arg);<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1aOn success, pthread_create() returns 0; on error, it returns an error number, and the contents of *thread are undefined.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u539f\u8bed\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u52a0-pthread<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3b\u903b\u8f91\u51fd\u6570(\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53)\nvoid* callback(void *arg){\n    printf(\"callback pthread = %lu, pid = %u, ppid = %u\\n\", pthread_self(), getpid(), getppid());\n    return NULL;\n}\nint main(){\n    pthread_t thread;\n    printf(\"main pthread = %lu, pid = %u, ppid = %u\\n\", pthread_self(), getpid(), getppid());\n    sleep(10);\n        \/\/ \u7b2c2\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20null\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3b\u4f53\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\n        int ret = pthread_create(&amp;thread, NULL, callback, NULL);\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0\uff0c\u5931\u8d25\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\n    if (ret != 0){\n        printf(\"pthread create error: %d\\n\", ret);\n        exit(1);\n    }else{\n        printf(\"create pthread success: %lu\\n\", thread);\n    }\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u6267\u884c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3b\u4f53\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5728\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5sleep\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\n    sleep(10);\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cmd line-numbers\">parallels@ubuntu:~\/Linux\/pthread$ .\/pthread.out\nmain pthread = 139814966679360, pid = 4726, ppid = 1918\ncreate pthread success: 139814958167808\ncallback pthread = 139814958167808, pid = 4726, ppid = 1918\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.2\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n\nvoid *thread_func(void *arg){\n    int i = (int)(long)arg;\n    printf(\"%dth thread is created, tid = %lu\\n\", i, pthread_self());\n}\n\nint main(){\n    pthread_t tid;\n    int i = 0;\n    for (i = 0; i &lt; 5; i++){\n        \/\/ \u5faa\u73af\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5e8f\u53f7\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u903b\u8f91\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5e26\u8fc7\u53bb\n        tid = pthread_create(&amp;tid, NULL, thread_func, (void *)(long)i);\n        sleep(1);\n        if (tid !=0){\/\/ \u5931\u8d25\n            \/\/ fprintf\u53ef\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e2d\u8f93\u51fa\uff0cstrerror\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u8f6c\u6210\u76f8\u5173\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u63cf\u8ff0\n            fprintf(stderr, \"pthread_creat error: %s\\n\", strerror(tid));\n        }\n    }\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cmd line-numbers\">parallels@ubuntu:~\/Linux\/pthread$ .\/m_pthread.out\n0th thread is created, tid = 140010892678912\n1th thread is created, tid = 140010884286208\n2th thread is created, tid = 140010875893504\n3th thread is created, tid = 140010867500800\n4th thread is created, tid = 140010859108096\nparallels@ubuntu:~\/Linux\/pthread$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.3\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fapthread_exit(void *retval)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>exit( )\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u614e\u91cd\u4f7f\u7528\uff01\uff01<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n\nvoid* callback(void *arg){\n    sleep(1);\n    printf(\"callback pthread = %lu, pid = %u, ppid = %u\\n\", pthread_self(), getpid(), getppid());\n    return NULL;\n}\nint main(){\n    pthread_t p;\n    printf(\"main pthread = %lu, pid = %u, ppid = %u\\n\", pthread_self(), getpid(), getppid());\n           int ret    = pthread_create(&amp;p, NULL, callback, NULL);\n    if (ret != 0){\n        fprintf(stderr, \"pthread create error: %s\\n\", strerror(ret));\n        exit(1);\n    }\n    \/\/ \u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0cmain\u51fd\u6570\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c06\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u7ed3\u675f\n    pthread_exit((void*)(long)1);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.4\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u56de\u6536pthread_join(  )\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void &#42;&#42;retval);<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684pthread_join\u51fd\u6570\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684wait\u53cawaitpid\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<li>pthread_join &#8211; join with a terminated thread<\/li>\n<li>pthread_join\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u662f\u52a0\u5165\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c06\u67d0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08\u6709\u56de\u6536\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u7ebf\u7a0bid\uff0c\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u4f20\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n<li>waitpid\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u53ea\u662fwaitpid\u53ea\u80fd\u4f20\u51fa\u6574\u578b\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>4.4.1\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u56de\u6536\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\nstruct exit_t{\n    int a;\n    int b;\n};\n\/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\nvoid *callback(void* arg){\n    struct exit_t* retval = (struct exit_t*)arg;\n    retval-&gt;a = 10;\n    retval-&gt;b = 20;\n    pthread_exit(retval);\n}\nint main(){\n    pthread_t tid;\n    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u51fa\n    struct exit_t* retval = malloc(sizeof(struct exit_t));\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488\u4f20\u5165\n    pthread_create(&amp;tid, NULL, callback, retval);\n    \/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\uff0cjoin\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u8be5\u6570\u636e\n    pthread_join(tid, (void **)&amp;retval);\n    \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\n    printf(\"pthread_joined: a = %d, b = %d\\n\", retval-&gt;a, retval-&gt;b);\n    \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u5806\u7a7a\u95f4\n    free(retval);\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cmd line-numbers\">pthread_joined: a = 10, b = 20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>4.4.2\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u56de\u6536\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n\nint var = 100;\nvoid* callback(void* arg){\n    int i = (int)(long)arg;\n    switch(i){\n        case 0:return (void *)(long)var;\n        case 1:var = 200;break;\n        case 2:break;\n        case 3:var = 300;break;\n        default: break;\n    }\n    return (void *)(long)var;\n}\n\nint main(){\n    pthread_t tid[5];\n    int retval[5];\n    int i = 0;\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa5\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\n    for(i = 0; i &lt; 5; i++){\n        pthread_create(&amp;tid[i], NULL, callback, (void *)(long)i);\n    }\n    \/\/ \u56de\u65365\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\n    for(i = 0; i &lt; 5; i++){\n        \/\/ (void*)\u5f3a\u8f6c\u6210int\uff0c\u90a3\uff08void**\uff09\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aint\u578b\u5730\u5740\u5373\u53ef\n        \/\/ \u5bb9\u6613\u8bef\u89e3\u4e3a(void**)\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5730\u5740\n        pthread_join(tid[i], (void **)&amp;retval[i]);\n    }\n    \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\n    for(i = 0; i &lt; 5; i++){\n        printf(\"pthread %d return %d\\n\", i, retval[i]);\n    }\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cmd line-numbers\">parallels@ubuntu:~\/Linux\/pthread$ .\/m_pthread_join.out\npthread 0 return 100\npthread 1 return 200\npthread 2 return 200\npthread 3 return 300\npthread 4 return 300\nparallels@ubuntu:~\/Linux\/pthread$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.5\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5206\u79bb\u51fd\u6570pthread_detach<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u7ec8\u6b62\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u7559\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528pthread_join\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e3adetach\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u65e6\u7ec8\u6b62\u4f1a\u88ab\u7acb\u5373\u56de\u6536\u5b83\u5360\u7528\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559\u7ec8\u6b62\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2adetach\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528pthread_join\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n\nvoid *callback(void *arg){\n\n}\nint main(){\n    pthread_t tid;\n    pthread_create(&amp;tid, NULL, callback, NULL);\n    \/\/pthread_detach(tid);\n    int ret = pthread_join(tid, NULL);\n    printf(\"%d\\n\", ret);\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.6\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u51fd\u6570pthread_cacel<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>pthread_cancel &#8211; send a cancellation request to a thread<\/li>\n<li>int pthread_cancel(pthread_t thread);<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53d6\u6d88\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fbe\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u53d6\u6d88\u70b9<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5373\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d6\u6d88\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u53d6\u6d88\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7pthread_testcancel\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d6\u6d88\u70b9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n\nvoid *callback1(void *arg){\n    int n = 3;\n    while(n--){\n        printf(\"pthread 1 runloop %d\\n\", 3-n);\n        sleep(1);\n    }\n    return (void *)1;\n}\nvoid *callback2(void *arg){\n    int n = 3;\n    while(n--){\n        printf(\"pthread 2 runloop %d\\n\", 3-n);\n        sleep(1);\n    }\n    pthread_exit((void *)2);\n    return NULL;\n}\nvoid *callback3(void *arg){\n    int n = 3;\n    while(n){\n        \/\/printf(\"pthread 3 runloop %d\\n\", 3-n);\n        \/\/sleep(1);\n        \/\/ \u4e3apthread_cancel\u51fd\u6570\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0cpthread_cancel\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u673a\n        \/\/ \u4eba\u4e3a\u589e\u52a0\u53d6\u6d88\u70b9\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u7ebf\u7a0b\n        pthread_testcancel();\n    }\n    return NULL;\n}\n\nint main(){\n    pthread_t tid1, tid2, tid3;\n    pthread_create(&amp;tid1, NULL, callback1, NULL);\n    pthread_join(tid1, NULL);\n\n    pthread_create(&amp;tid2, NULL, callback2, NULL);\n    pthread_detach(tid2);\n\n    pthread_create(&amp;tid3, NULL, callback3, NULL);\n    pthread_cancel(tid3);\n    pthread_join(tid3, NULL);\n\n    sleep(3);\n    printf(\"end------------------\\n\");\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>5\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u539f\u8bed\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u521b\u5efa<\/td>\n<td>fork<\/td>\n<td>pthread_creat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56de\u6536<\/td>\n<td>wait\u3001waitpid<\/td>\n<td>pthread_join  (pthread_detach\u4e0d\u80fdjoin)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7ebf\u675f\u3001\u53d6\u6d88<\/td>\n<td>kill<\/td>\n<td>pthread_cancel\uff08\u9700\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u70b9\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6216pthread_testcancel\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u83b7\u53d6id<\/td>\n<td>getpid<\/td>\n<td>pthread_self<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>6\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">typedef struct __pthread_attr_s\n{\n    int __detachstate;  \n\n    int __schedpolicy;\n\n    struct __sched_param __schedparam;\n\n    int __inheritsched;\n\n    int __scope;\n\n    size_t __guardsize;\n    int __stackaddr_set;\n\n    void *__stackaddr;\n    size_t __stacksize;\u8868\u793a\u5806\u6808\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\n\n}pthread_attr_t;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>6.1\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5206\u79bb<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n\nvoid *callback(void *arg){\n    return NULL;\n}\n\nint main(){\n    pthread_t tid;\n    pthread_attr_t attr;\n    \/\/ 1\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n    int ret = (&amp;attr);\n    if (ret != 0){\n        fprintf(stderr, \"pthread_attr_init error:%s - %d\\n\", strerror(ret), ret);\n    }\n    \/\/ 2\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u79bb\n    pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&amp;attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);\n    \/\/ 3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\n    ret = pthread_create(&amp;tid, &amp;attr, callback, NULL);\n    if (ret != 0){\n        fprintf(stderr, \"pthread_create error:%s\\n\", strerror(ret));\n        exit(1);\n    }\n    ret = pthread_join(tid, NULL);\n    if (ret != 0){\n        fprintf(stderr, \"pthread_join error:%s-%d\\n\", strerror(ret), ret);\n        exit(1);\n    }else{\n        printf(\"pthread_join success!!\\n\");\n    }\n    pthread_attr_destroy(&amp;attr);\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cmd line-numbers\">parallels@ubuntu:~\/Linux\/pthread$ .\/pthread_attr.out\npthread_join error:Invalid argument-22\nparallels@ubuntu:~\/Linux\/pthread$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>PS\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728pthread_create\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u7ec8\u6b62\u540e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53f7\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8c03\u7528pthread_create\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53f7\uff0c\u8981\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528sleep\u6216pthread_cond_timedwait\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u89e3\u51b3<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>6.2\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6808\u53ca\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u4fee\u6539<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">int pthread_attr_setstacksize(pthread_attr_t *attr, size_t stacksize);\n\nint pthread_attr_getstacksize(const pthread_attr_t *attr, size_t *stacksize);\n\nint pthread_attr_setstackaddr(pthread_attr_t *attr, void *stackaddr);\n\nint pthread_attr_getstackaddr(const pthread_attr_t *attr, void **stackaddr);\n\nint pthread_attr_setstack(pthread_attr_t *attr, void *stackaddr, size_t stacksize);\n\nint pthread_attr_getstack(const pthread_attr_t *attr, void **stackaddr, size_t *stacksize);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>7\u3001NPTL\uff08Native POSIX Thread Library\uff09<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u662f Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u514b\u670d\u4e86 LinuxThreads \u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u7b26\u5408 POSIX \u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4e0e LinuxThreads \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u4e0e LinuxThreads \u4e00\u6837\uff0cNPTL \u4e5f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dpthread\u7248\u672c\uff0cgetconf GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>8\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e94\u8be5\u8c03\u7528pthread_exit<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u50f5\u5c38\u7ebf\u7a0b\n<ul>\n<li>pthread_join<\/li>\n<li>pthread_detach<\/li>\n<li>pthread_create\u6307\u5b9a\u4ed6\u79bb\u5c5e\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u88abjoin\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5728join\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\u5c31\u91ca\u653e\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6808\u4e2d\u7684\u503c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>malloc\u548cmmap\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91ca\u653e<\/li>\n<li>\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528fork\uff0c\u9664\u975eexec\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u8c03\u7528fork\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5747pthread_exit<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u590d\u6742\u8bed\u4e49\u5f88\u96be\u548c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u5b58\uff0c\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b LWP\uff1alight weight process\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecd\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b(Linux\u4e0b) \u8fdb\u7a0b\u72ec\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u62e5\u6709PCB\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684PCB\uff0c\u4f46\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5355\u4f4d cpu\u6839\u636e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5212\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6e\u7247\uff0c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u4e89\u53d6\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684cpu\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[310,76],"class_list":["post-1814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cpp","tag-linux","tag-76"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1814"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1814\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yusian.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}